QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Meotodologi quantitative study with statistical techniques are recognized to dominate the analysis of research since the 18th century to century. With the growing sophistication of computer technology, developing the techniques of statistical analysis that supports the development of quantitative research. Statistical quantitative research methodology to be more prestigious than quantitative research methodology. The more so when it noted also in the fact that there are a number of prospective scientists while using qualitative methodology with reason and evidence in the inability to use the techniques of statistical analysis.
On the other hand, because bergengsinya quantitative research methodologies with statistical techniques, many scientists or scientific experts who sank into the analysis techniques are sophisticated, so forget the weakness in the damping of excellence philosophy and theory underlying the research methodology.
Broadly speaking, can be explained that the quantitative research methodology starts by setting a specific object of study, eliminated from the totality or context of the magnitude that it becomes clear ekplisist or object of study. After that, a new theoretical framework drawn up in accordance with the object of specific studies. From there, it can be problematic ditelorkan hypothesis or research, data collection instruments, sampling techniques and analysis techniques. It can also be determined metodologik design such as the determination of the significance limit, adjustment techniques if there is a shortage or errors in the data, administration, analysis, and the like. In other words, all carefully designed and planned before plunging into the field researchers to conduct research.

Doing Quantitative Research 

1. Research requirements
a. systematic
Carried out according to certain patterns of the most simple to the complex in order to reach goals effectively and efficiently.
b. planned
Implemented with the element of intent and prior to the study, was considered the implementation steps.
c. Adhering to Scientific Concept
Start from the beginning to the end of the activity, the research carried out by following the ways or steps that have been determined, the principles used to acquire knowledge (level of scientific thinking by John Dewey in the reflective thinking) which among others include:
1) The felt need
The study was conducted as initiated by the need or challenge to solve a problem.
2) The Problem
Formulate the problem to a research problem becomes clear boundaries, status, and alternative ways to solve these masakah.
3) The hypothesis
Establish the hypothesis as a starting point held a problem-solving activities.
4) Collection of the data as evidence
Collect data to test hypotheses.
5) Concluding belief
Draw conclusions based on results of data processing and returned to the hypotheses that have been formulated.
6) General value of the conclusion
Determine the possibility to hold a generalization of these conclusions and their implications in the future (Hadi Sutrisno in Suharsimi Arikunto, 1998: 15).

2. Quantitative research procedures
Quantitative research steps by Suharsimi Arikunto (1998: 17) are as follows :
a. selecting a problem
b. Preliminary studies do
c. Formulating a Research Design Issues
d. Basic assumption and formulate hypotheses
e. choosing the approach
f. Determining Variables and Data Sources
g. Defining and Constructing Instruments
h. collecting data
i. Analyzing the Data Execution
j. deduce
k. Writing Reports Reporting
Quantitative research steps that can simply be described as follows:
a. selecting a problem
Problems arise because of the challenge, doubt or confusion as to a thing or phenomenon, the ambiguity of meanings (ambiguity), barriers and obstacles, gaps (gap) both antarkegiatan or antarfenomena either existing or will exist. A good problem to have the following characteristics:
1) Has the value of research.
Problems have research value if:
a) have the nature of authenticity.
b) expresses a relationship.
c) is important.
d) can be tested.
e) is expressed in the form of a question.
2) Has a feasibility (feasible).
This requirement will be met if:
a) Data and methods available to solve the problem.
b) Enough time, effort and cost to solve the problem.
c) There is support from the relevant parties.
d) The problem is not contrary to law, morals and ethics.

3) In accordance with the qualifications of the researcher.
A good problem is of interest to researchers and in accordance with the qualifications of the researchers themselves.
4) Results of the study useful.
This trait was also a most important requirement for a research activity because good research is basically done in order to contribute to the advancement of science research, improve the effectiveness of the work, or develop something that already exists.
Research problems can be obtained from the source of the problem as follows:
1) personal experience of researchers in the everyday life.
2) personal observations on the surrounding environment.
3) The readings, both scientific and non scientific.

Thanks